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Starmet’s Ladle Refining Furnaces (LF) operate on the synergy of submerged arc electric heating, argon bottom-stirring, and synthetic slag metallurgy. Designed for secondary refining, the system precise-controls liquid steel temperature, desulfurization, deoxidation, and alloy trim to achieve optimal steel cleanliness.
> Technical mechanism: Graphite electrodes generate high-temperature electric arcs within a protective synthetic slag layer (submerged arc mode).
✔ Physical Principles and Advantages: Submerging the arc prevents radiant heat damage to the ladle refractory lining and minimizes thermal energy loss, allowing rapid heating rates (3–5℃/min) with low electrical flicker.
> Technical mechanism: Argon gas is injected through porous plugs in the bottom of the ladle, creating dynamic fluid convection throughout the liquid steel bath.
✔ Physical Principles and Advantages: Continuous stirring promotes rapid melting and homogenization of ferroalloys, accelerates desulfurization via top slag contact, and facilitates the flotation and absorption of non-metallic inclusions into the slag.
> Technical mechanism: Atmospheric-controlled furnace cover with automated wire feeding and alloy additions.
✔ Physical Principles and Advantages: The water-cooled furnace cover isolates liquid steel from ambient air, preventing secondary reoxidation and nitrogen absorption. Automated wire feeders inject cored wires (CaSi, Al, C) deep into the steel melt for high element recovery and inclusion shape modification.
